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Kamis, 18 Agustus 2011

Harmony In Diversity

Harmony In Diversity, rasanya seperti kalimat yang sangat kita kenal. Satu kalimat yang telah kita dengar sejak lama bahkan saat kita belum bisa membaca atau menulis. Ya, Harmony In Diversity memliki arti yang sama dengan semboyan negara kita tercinta, Bhinneka Tunggal Ika yang diambil dari bahasa Sansekerta, yang artinya berbeda-beda tetapi tetap satu jua. Merupakan semboyan yang sangat mencermikan kita sebagai bangsa Indonesia. Bangsa yang terdiri dari beratus-ratus suku, beribu kepercayaan dan kebudayaan-yang mungkin hanya ada di Indonesia-, yang tinggal di antara puluhan ribu pulau dengan hasil alam melimpah ruah bak air terjun kahyangan. Harusnya kita bangga, karena dunia sangat mengakui keberadaan kita. Karena dunia mau bersusah payah ikut menjaga kebudayaan kita. Tapi, rasa bangga tersebut akan sia-sia jika kita, sebagai pewaris dan penerus perjuangan bangsa lupa akan apa yang telah nenek moyang ajarkan kepada kita.

Pada dasarnya, di dalam diri setiap manusia terdapat rasa individualis yang cukup tinggi. Tapi ingatlah, bahwa kita adalah makhluk sosial. Yang artinya, kita akan selalu membutuhkan pertolongan orang lain dalam hal sekecil dan se-sepele apapun. Kadang, kita lupa bahwa kita telah melakukan tindakan diskriminasi saat menolong/membantu seseorang. Ada beberapa orang yang memilih –lebih baik tidak menolong seseorang- karena adanya perbedaan diantara mereka. Bahakan ada yang sengaja tidak menolong karena takut dikucilkan oleh kelompok mereka. Karena perbedaan keyakinan, perbedaan ras/suku, ataupun perbedaan ideologi. Hal tersebut diatas terbukti menjadi masalah-masalah yang cukup mengganggu keamanan dan kedamaian dunia. Kita tentu masih ingat jelas ketika ratusan atau bahkan ribuan orang dari suatu suku dibantai oleh suku lain di Bosnia. Adapun di Indonesia,masih terpatri dalam ingatan kita masing-masing betapa mengerikannya kejadian ini, pembantaian besar-besaran yang dilakukan suku Dayak terhadap suku Madura. Masih banyak lagi hal-hal semacam ini terjadi di sekitar kita, setiap saat, dan setiap waktu.
Masuknya budaya barat dapat menjadi salah satu faktor penting dalam hal ke“Harmony In Diversity”an pada generasi penerus bangsa. Tidak adanya “filter” membuat mereka lupa diri, lupa kewjiban, lupa segalanya. Ditambah lagi sinetron-sinetron Indonesia yang sama sekali tidak memberikan pendidikan bagi generasi penerus bangsa. Akibatnya, tawuranpun kerap terjadi di setiap lapisan masyarakat. Mulai dari geng motor hingga kaum terpelajar -mahasiswa-. Para mahasiswa, yang seharusnya sibuk mempersiapkan diri demi masa depan yang lebih baik, agar menjadi generasi penerus bangsa yang cerdas, tangguh dan berbudi pekerti luhur, malah asyik ber-anarkhi ria, hanya karena hal yang sangat tidak penting. Solidaritas katanya, solidaritas macam apa yang menghalalkan mahasiswa-mahasiswa jurusan A saling lempar batu dengan mahasiswa jurusan B hanya karena berebut lahan parkir?.
Ingatkah kita, ketika masih Sekolah Dasar, tidak pernah absen menyanyikan lagu Garuda Pancasila setiap upacara bendera hari Senin dengan dada membusung dan rasa bangga membakar jiwa?. Ingatkah kita ketika guru PKN kita bertanya, apa semboyan negara kita? Dengan suara lantang dan serempak kita menjawab “Bhinneka Tunggal Ika”, Harmony In Diversity. Membahana menggetarkan jiwa. Sadarkah kita telah melupakan salah satu hal terpenting yang telah diwariskan turun temurun oleh nenek moyang kita?. Tanyakan pada diri kita sendiri, apa yang harus kita lakukan, detik ini juga, demi mengembalikan “Harmony In Diversity” ke dalam jiwa dan raga kita.


Sabtu, 02 Oktober 2010

omigot






Frank Lampard's Profile

 Name:
















Frank Lampard
Nationality: English
Date of Birth: 20/06/1978
Height:6' 0" (184cm)
Weight:13st 12lbs (88.0kg)
Previous
Clubs:West Ham Utd, Swansea City (loan)
Position: Midfielder

With 27 goals  from central midfield in 2009/10 and countless assists, it seems Frank Lampard is getting better with age.
If you factor in the England man's extraordinary resistance to injury and his ability not to earn one booking in the entire campaign it is easy to see why many think it is he that makes the Blues tick.
His season began as it would continue against Manchester United at Wembley, where he contributed a goal, helped set up the other, and then buried a penalty in the shootout.
Questions were raised over his impact in games, but having returned to a deeper position from the top of the diamond, where he had been restricted, his influence grew once more.
He netted another at Sunderland as we turned around a half-time deficit, and helped create seven in as many league games that followed, despite not scoring himself.
The 31-year-old actually went 10 without a goal before four in three arrived in October, helping send Atletico back to Madrid empty-handed as we began to score freely.
It was Frank's free-kick that John Terry nodded in against United at Stamford Bridge in November before a thigh injury on England duty while jogging ruled him out of two games. He returned to contribute in a big 3-0 win away at Arsenal before a rare dead-ball error - his late penalty at Manchester City saved by Shay Given.
In a difficult Christmas period it was two successful spot kicks that dug us out of trouble against Portsmouth and West Ham, the latter having to be taken three times at his old home ground, requiring nerves of steel.
Doubles against Sunderland and Birmingham were followed by six quieter games, including disappointment at Inter, which would be compounded in the second leg when for once the game passed him by.
Lampard's goal, and cross for Terry, helped us into the FA Cup semis, and he bounced back from European disappointment by banging in four against Aston Villa.
The feat, the second time he had achieved it, took him over the 150-goal mark for Chelsea, over 100 in the Premier League, and beyond Roy Bentley to become our third-highest scorer of all time.
After converting another against Villa at Wembley to book a place in the Cup Final, the focus shifted to league football for the next five games, and it was here where Frank really delivered.
After scraping past Bolton it was he who pulled a late goal back at Spurs before scoring a beauty against Stoke, diverting Sam Hutchinson's deep cross back across goal and in, his second of the game.
A week later at Anfield there were major celebrations as he swept home Nicolas Anelka's square ball to confirm a massive victory.
A win over Wigan would provide his third Premier League medal, and he would not be denied.
Winning and taking a penalty (after a lengthy debate with Didier Drogba) he put us two to the good as we ran riot, setting up an historic Double should we beat Portsmouth in the FA Cup Final.
Having scored the winner there against Everton a year before, he clearly fancied it again, launching a 30-yard drive against the post inside the first 10 minutes as we laid siege to the Pompey goal.
It was a Drogba free-kick that broke the deadlock though, and even though Frank's final contribution was to drag a penalty wide at the death, he was there in the Royal Box to lift the trophy alongside John Terry.
He had stepped up once again, a remarkable feat considering that in the previous campaign had had added another 20 in Chelsea colours.
He quickly got into goalscoring form, netting twice in September before two more followed in October, the latter being an audacious chip from the edge of the area at Hull, an automatic Goal of the Season contender, though eventually edged out by Michael Essien's volley against Barcelona.
As the performances of those around him began to wane, Frank's form remained consistent under Luiz Felipe Scolari, scoring key goals over Christmas against West Brom and Fulham to keep us in touch with the league leaders.
An overturned red card at Liverpool in February earned rare sympathy from outside Stamford Bridge, and the arrival of Guus Hiddink brought extended freedom for the former West Ham man, who repaid his coach with vital goals in a late win over Wigan and a 4-4 Champions League thriller against Liverpool, before we eventually bowed out in controversial circumstances against Barcelona.
Months before committing to a new five-year deal in the summer of 2008, Frank had scored a dramatic equaliser in the Champions League Final in Moscow, while also converting a penalty in the shootout.
It remains the one club medal that has eluded him since eyebrows were raised over an original £11 million transfer fee paid eight years ago.
Since then Lamps has become Chelsea's top scoring midfield player ever; and is the player to win the most international caps while a Chelsea player.
In 2006/07, his 62 games was the highest total by any Chelsea player in a single campaign and although the next year was affected by two rare injuries and bereavement, Frank continued to drive Chelsea on from midfield game after game after game.
When in December 2005, he finally missed a game due to a virus, it brought to an end a new Premier League record of 164 consecutive appearances.
Ironically, Frank's ever-present habit was one of the reasons why he was under-appreciated by some at the club that nurtured him.
With Frank's father the West Ham first team coach, sections of the support at Upton Park cried nepotism over the young player's regular place in their side. He was ever-present in the Hammers team that finished fifth in '98/'99 and was capped for England the next season.
When manager Harry Redknapp and Frank senior were sacked from Upton Park, it was time for our Frank to move on.
After a quiet start at the Bridge, he bloomed into one of Europe's finest and in 2003/04, Frank's phenomenal form was only beaten by Thierry Henry when English football's individual awards were handed out.
He was well worth his place in the Euro 2004 team and was voted the England team's Player of the Year.
The top performances continued to come, as did the goals, Frank's powerful shooting firing Chelsea to the 2004/05 Championship as he top-scored from midfield with 13 in the League and 19 overall - there was no one more appropriate to score those magical goals at Bolton.
The Sportswriters' Footballer of the Year that year (only the second Chelsea winner in over 50 years) and runner-up in the European and World Player of the Year voting for 2005, Frank continued to prove as close to indispensable as can be found in modern squad-based football as his team duplicated the Premiership success in 2005/06.
Again the vice-captain was top scorer, this time with 20 goals. His 16 in the League was the highest total ever by a Premiership midfielder.
That made it all the more surprising when Frank failed to register on the score sheet in the 2006 World Cup in Germany, despite shooting more frequently than anyone.
It drew outside criticism, his years of incredibly consistent achievement seemingly forgotten overnight.
He needed prove himself to nobody at Chelsea, and Frank also continued to create goals at a rate unrivalled at Chelsea, leading former boss José Mourinho to simply describe him as unique.
In 2007/08, having missed September with a thigh injury, his return to the side in early October coincided with a gradual climb up the league table. He contributed 11 goals before his other thigh was strained on Boxing Day. Another six weeks were missed.
That was unfortunate but genuine tragedy struck in April with the death of Frank's mother. His courage and nerve in scoring a vital Champions League semi-final penalty against Liverpool on his return from compassionate leave, followed by his Moscow goal, were among that season's strongest images.
Even Frank's harshest critics began to re-evaluate their opinions and he was finally being appreciated in an England shirt too.
Unlike in 2006 when he didn't find the net in five World Cup games, Frank went into the 2010 World Cup in red-hot scoring form, even by his own extraordinary standards.
However as Fabio Capello played with the jigsaw of England's midfield, Frank's goal threat again appeared diminished although he was one of the best players against Slovenia in the third group game, and was infamously denied his first World Cup goal by a ludicrous linesman's decision as England exited versus Germany.

Season 2010 - 11

Competition Apps
(as sub)
Goals Yellow
Cards
Red
Cards
League 3  (0) 1 0 0

Career History:
Club Season Comp. Apps
(as sub)
Goals
Chelsea 2009 - 10League 36  (0) 22
FA Cup 6  (0) 3
League Cup 0  (1) 0
Euro Cups 6  (1) 1
Chelsea 2008 - 09League 37  (0) 12
FA Cup 7  (0) 3
League Cup 1  (1) 2
Euro Cups 11  (0) 3
Chelsea 2007 - 08League 23  (1) 10
FA Cup 1  (0) 2
League Cup 3  (0) 4
Euro Cups 10  (1) 4
Chelsea 2006 - 07League 36  (1) 11
FA Cup 7  (0) 6
League Cup 3  (3) 3
Euro Cups 11  (0) 1
Chelsea 2005 - 06League 35  (0) 16
FA Cup 4  (1) 2
League Cup 0  (1) 0
Euro Cups 8  (0) 2
Chelsea 2004 - 05League 38  (0) 13
FA Cup 0  (2) 0
League Cup 3  (3) 2
Euro Cups 12  (0) 4
Chelsea 2003 - 04League 38  (0) 10
FA Cup 4  (0) 1
League Cup 1  (1) 0
Euro Cups 13  (1) 4
Chelsea 2002 - 03League 37  (1) 6
FA Cup 5  (0) 1
League Cup 3  (0) 0
Euro Cups 1  (1) 1
Chelsea 2001 - 02League 34  (3) 5
FA Cup 7  (1) 1
League Cup 4  (0) 0
Euro Cups 4  (0) 1
West Ham Utd 2000 - 01League 30  (0) 7
FA Cup 4  (0) 1
League Cup 3  (0) 1
West Ham Utd 1999 - 00League 34  (0) 7
FA Cup 1  (0) 0
League Cup 3  (0) 2
Euro Cups 10  (0) 4
West Ham Utd 1998 - 99League 38  (0) 5
FA Cup 1  (0) 0
League Cup 2  (0) 1
West Ham Utd 1997 - 98League 27  (4) 5
FA Cup 6  (0) 1
League Cup 5  (0) 4
West Ham Utd 1996 - 97League 3  (10) 0
FA Cup 1  (0) 0
League Cup 1  (1) 0
Swansea City 1995 - 96League 8  (1) 1
West Ham Utd 1995 - 96League 0  (1) 0





Sabtu, 25 September 2010

pengkabelan UTP

Kabel UTP
-Media transmisi yang paling “murah” dan banyak digunakan adalah twisted pair.
-Twisted pair terdiri atas dua buah kabel tembaga terisolasi yang disusun secara spiral beraturan.
-Twisted pair banyak digunakan untuk transmisi analog dan digital.
-Twisted pair dibagi menjadi 2 jenis, Unshielded Twisted Pair dan Shielded Twisted Pair.
-Shielded Twisted Pair lebih tahan terhadap interferensi elektomagnetik dibandingkan dengan UTP.

Klasifikasi UTP
EIA/TIA (Electronic Industry Association/Telecommunication Industry Association) telah membuat standard UTP dan membagi menjadi 5 kategori:
-Kategori 1 adalah kabel UTP untuk telepon.
-Kategori 2 adalah kabel UTP untuk transmisi data sampai kecepatan 4 Mbps, kabel ini terdiri dari 4 kabel twisted pair.
-Kategori 3 adalah kabel UTP untuk transmisi data sampai kecepatan 10 Mbps, terdiri dari 4 kabel twisted pair.
-Kategori 4 adalah kabel UTP untuk transmisi data sampai kecepatan 16 Mbps, terdiri dari 4 kabel twisted pair.
-Kategori 5 adalah kabel UTP untuk transmisi data sampai kecepatan 100 Mbps, memiliki 4 pasang kabel yang dipilin atau 8 individual kabel yaitu biru,putih biru, orange, putih orange, hijau, putih hijau, coklat, dan putih coklat.


Standard Pewarnaan Kabel
pemasangan kabel UTP pada konektor RJ-45 perlu diperhatikan standard fungsi pin yang terdapat pada perangkat jaringan.

Network Protocol

BOOTP (Bootstrap Protocol)
-BOOTP adalah suatu protokol yang digunakan untuk melakukan booting pada node-node yang tdak memiliki disk (diskless).
-BOOTP bertindak seperti RARP (Reverse Address Resolution Protocol) yaitu protokol lapisan network yang mememungkin suatu end system untuk membentuk suatu alamat jaringannya sendiri. Metode ini biasanya digunakan untuk mendukung workstation dan terminal intelligent yang tidak memiliki penyimpanan disk sendiri.

DHCP (Dinamic Host Configuration Protocol)
-DHCP merupakan protocol yang mampu memberikan nomor IP secara otomatis kepada node-node dalam jaringan berdasarkan MAC Address atau secara random.
-DHCP dibangun berdasarkan BOOTP apabila dalam jaringan ada end system yang bekerja secara diskless.


TCP (Transmition Control Protocol)
-TCP merupakan protokol lapisan transport connection-oriented yang menyediakan pengantar aliran data terangkai dan reliable
-TCP merupakan protokol yang connection-oriented dan stream-oriented serta sebagai kebalikan dari UDP.


UDP (User Datagram Protocol) 
-UDP merupakan suatu protokol lapisan transport yang menyediakan layanan pengantar datagram connectionsless dengan usaha terbaik

IP (Internet Protocol) 
IP merupakan suatu protokol lapisan network yang connectionless yang menyediakan layanan pengantar datagram best-effort. 

ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) 
ICMP merupakan protokol lapisan network yang memungkinkan end system melaporkan suati kondisi error dan menyediakan informasi tentang keadaan yang tidak diharapkan. 

TCP/IP 
-Sekumpulan protokol komunikasi yang secara luas dipakai dalam komunitas global jaringan komputer.
-Protokol ini mengijinkan tipe-tipe komputer dan OS yang berbeda untuk berkomunikasidan saling bertukar informasi satu sama lain.
-Deretan protokol dalam TCP/IP antar lain: UDP, ICMP, ARP, RARP, RIP, OSPF, EGP, dan BGP.


IPX (Internetwork Packet Exchange) Protocol
Sebuah protokol yang memungkinkan pertukaran paket-paket pesan pada sebuah internetwork. 

SPX (Sequence Packet Exchange) Protocol 
-Merupakan suatu protokol dimana dua workstation atau aplikasi berkomunkasi melalui jaringan.
-SPX menggunakan NetWare IPX untuk mengantarkan pesan, tetapi SPX menjamin pengantaran pesan dan pemeliharaan urutan pesan pada packet stream.


NetBEUI (NetBIOS Extended User Interface) 
-Suatu nama yang kadang kala digunakan untuk menunjukkan protokol pada lapisan transport yang memiliki tujuan untuk berhubungan dengan NetBIOS.
-NetBIOS (Network Basic input/Output System) merupakan suatu programmable entry ke dalam jaringan yang memungkinkan sistem untuk berkomunikasi melalui hardware jaringan yang menggunakan jaringan umum API yang dapat berjalan melalui banyak alat transport atau media.


komponen jaringan

komponen jaringan:
1.Kabel Coaxial
2.kabel UTP
3.konektor BNC
4.konektor RJ-45
5.NIC (Network Interface Card)
6.HUB/switch
7.Crimping tool

topologi jaringan

Topologi Bus
-Topologi bus atau juga disebut linear merupakan tepologi jaringan yang paling sederhana.
-Topologi ini umunya menggunakan kabel coaxial dengan konektor BNC dan setiap ujung kabel diberikan beban end connector dengan impedansi 50 ohm.
-Apabila terjadi kerusakan pada satu koneksi, maka akan menyebabkan seluruh jaringan tidak berfungsi.
-Transformasi data pada topologi ini mudah terjadi tabrakan (colision) karena terjadi proses dua arah dalam satu medium kabel.
Keuntungan
    1. Hemat Kabel
    2. Layout kabel mudah   
    3. Mudah dikembangkan
Kerugian
    1. Deteksi kesalahan sangat minim
    2. padat lalulintas
    3. bila salah satu client rusak maka jaringan tidak berfungsi
    4. diperlukan repeater untuk jarak jauh

Topologi Ring
-Sesuai dengan namanya, topologi ini membetuk lingkaran tertutup.
-Topologi ini umumnya menggunakan kabel coaxial dan konektor BNC, tetapi tanpa ada end connector.
-Transformasi data terjadi dalam satu arah, sehingga terjadinya colision bisa dikurangi.
-Kerusakan dalam sebuah koneksi menyebabkan tidak berfungsinya seluruh jaringan.
Keuntungan
    1. Hemat Kabel
    2. lalulintas data tidak terlalu padat
Kerugian
    1. Kerusakan pada client akan menyebabkan jaringan tidak berfungsi

Topologi Star
-Topologi ini paling banyak digunakan karena maintenance yang mudah.
-Kabel yang digunakan dalam topologi ini umumnya UTP (Unshielded Twisted Pair) dengan konektor RJ-45 dan HUB/Switch sebagai pembagi koneksi.
-Terjadinya colision pada topologi ini sangat jarang.
-Apabila terjadi kerusakan pada sebuah koneksi maka tidak mengganggu fungsi keseluruhan jaringan.

Keunggulan :
    1. Paling Fleksibel
    2. Perbaikan mudah
    3. mudah mendeteksi kesalahan
Kerugian :
    1. Boros Kabel
    2. Perlu penanganan khusus